A guide to canine angiostrongylosis in the UK
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DOI: https:// doi. org / 10.56496 / ATQM3295
Jenny Helm, BVMS, Cert SAM, DipECVIM-CA, FHEA, MRCVS
European Specialist in Small Animal Internal Medicine, Clinician in Veterinary Oncology
Jenny graduated from the University of Glasgow in 2005, before undertaking a small animal rotating internship at the Royal Veterinary College, London. She then spent a short spell in small animal practice before undertaking a residency in oncology and internal medicine at the University of Glasgow. Jenny obtained her RCVS certificate in small animal medicine in 2008 and became a Diplomate of the European College of Veterinary Internal Medicine in 2012. Jenny is interested in oncology, especially promoting good quality of life for patients, and haematology. She also has an active research interest in canine lungworm.
ABSTRACT Angiostrongylus vasorum is a potentially life-threatening metastrongyloid nematode parasite of dogs that is now widely distributed across the UK. Its ongoing geographical expansion, complex epidemiology and highly variable clinical presentation present significant diagnostic and management challenges for veterinary professionals. This article provides a comprehensive overview of A. vasorum infection, with a focus on disease recognition, diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies and prevention.
The parasite ' s indirect life cycle, involving gastropod intermediate hosts and fox reservoir populations, underpins its sustained spread and establishment within both rural and suburban environments. Clinical signs are diverse and may involve the cardiorespiratory, coagulation and neurological systems, and range from mild or non-specific signs to severe haemorrhage, respiratory compromise and acute collapse. Laboratory abnormalities, imaging findings and the mechanisms underlying A. vasorumassociated coagulopathies are discussed, highlighting the limitations of traditional coagulation tests and the role of advanced diagnostic tests.
The article reviews available diagnostic methods, including in-clinic antigen testing, faecal examination and imaging techniques, and considers the implications of undiagnosed infection in perioperative patients. Current treatment options and supportive care measures are outlined. Prevention is emphasised as a critical component of disease control, with discussion of anthelmintic prophylaxis, client education and the challenges of risk prediction in regions where A. vasorum is endemic.
Keywords Angiostrongylus vasorum, canine angiostrongylosis, lungworm, coagulopathy, parasite prevention
Volume 41( 2) • April 2026
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