Align-ju STUDENT

Introduction

The renal system ( or urinary system ) consists of the kidneys , ureters , bladder and urethra [ 1 ] . Illustrations [ 2 ] of the urinary system of a female dog ( Figure 1 ), a male dog ( Figure 2 ), a female cat ( Figure 3 ) and a male cat ( Figure 4 ) can be seen on page 52 . The urinary system is anatomically linked to the reproductive system , as both systems share the urethra .

This article will provide an overview of the kidneys , but will focus on urine production and will not explore the other functions of the kidney . Please use the feedback facility in the digital edition of VNJ to let us know if there are any other specific aspects of the urinary system that would be helpful to focus on in a future article , for example , renal physiology .

Volume 39 ( 1 ) • February 2024

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