Plus-Hex CLINICAL
Assessment of learning
1 . According to Courcier et al . [ 2 ] , obesity occurs in what percentage of dogs in Western countries ?
( a ) 15 – 25 % ( b ) 25 – 59 % ( c ) 60 – 79 % ( d ) 79 – 85 %
2 . Which of the following is NOT a comorbidity of obesity ?
( a ) Diabetes ( b ) Osteoarthritis ( c ) Hypotension ( d ) Certain types of cancer
3 . Consider how you might be able to implement veterinary nurse-led clinics in your practice .
4 . What resources could you use to help clients understand canine obesity ?
REFERENCES
1 . ( b ) 25 – 59 % 2 . ( c ) Hypotension
Answers
1 RCVS . The 2019 Survey of the Veterinary Nursing Profession . Available from : https :// www . rcvs . org . uk / news-and-views / publications / the-2019-survey-of-the-veterinary-nursingprofession / [ Accessed 16 July 2022 ].
2 Courcier EA , Thomson RM , Mellor DJ , Yam PS . An epidemiological study of environmental factors associated with canine obesity . Journal of Small Animal Practice . 2010 ; 51 ( 7 ): 362 – 367 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1111 / j . 1748-5827.2010.00933 . x .
3 German AJ . Style over substance : what can parenting styles tell us about ownership styles and obesity in companion animals ? British Journal of Nutrition . 2015 ; 113 ( Suppl ); S73 – S77 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1017 / S0007114514002335 .
4 Holmes KL , Morris PJ , Abdulla Z , Hackett R , Rawlings JM . Risk factors associated with excess body weight in dogs in the UK . Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition . 2007 ; 91 ( 3 – 4 ): 166 – 167 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1111 / j . 1439- 0396.2007.00680 _ 9 . x .
5 Sandøe P , Palmer C , Corr S , Astrup A , Bjørnvad CR . Canine and feline obesity : a One Health perspective . Veterinary Record . 2014 ; 175 ( 24 ): 610 – 616 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1136 / vr . g7521 .
6 German AJ , Holden SL , Wiseman-Orr ML , Reid J , Nolan AM , Biourge V , et al . Quality of life is reduced in obese dogs but improves after successful weight loss . The Veterinary Journal . 2012 ; 192 ( 3 ): 428 – 434 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1016 / j . tvjl . 2011.09.015 .
7 Chapman M , Woods GRT , Ladha C , Westgarth C , German AJ . An open-label randomised clinical trial to compare the efficacy of dietary caloric restriction and physical activity for weight loss in overweight pet dogs . The Veterinary Journal . 2019 ; 243 : 65 – 73 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1016 / j . tvjl . 2018.11.013 .
8 Kopelman PG . Obesity as a medical problem . Nature . 2000 ; 404 ( 6778 ): 635 – 643 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1038 / 35007508 .
9 Pérez-Sánchez AP , Del-Angel-Caraza J , Quijano-Hernández IA , Barbosa-Mireles MA . Obesity-hypertension and its relation to other diseases in dogs . Veterinary Research Communications . 2015 ; 39 ( 1 ): 45 – 51 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1007 / s11259-015-9630-9 .
10 Gossellin J , Wren JA , Sunderland SJ . Canine obesity – an overview . Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics . 2007 ; 30 ( s1 ): 1 – 10 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1111 / j . 1365- 2885.2007.00863 . x .
11 Becvarova I . Focus on nutrition : canine and feline obesity : frequently asked questions and their answers . Compendium . 2011 ; 33 ( 11 ): E1 – E5 . Available from : https :// www . vetfolio . com / learn / article / focus-on-nutrition-canine-and-feline-obesityfrequently-asked-questions-and-their-answers [ Accessed 20 April 2023 ].
12 Sloth C . Practical management of obesity in dogs and cats . Journal of Small Animal Practice . 1992 ; 33 ( 4 ): 178 – 182 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1111 / j . 1748-5827.1992 . tb01111 . x .
13 Edney ATB , Smith PM . Study of obesity in dogs visiting veterinary practices in the United Kingdom . Veterinary Record . 1986 ; 118 ( 14 ): 391 – 396 .
14 German AJ . The growing problem of obesity in dogs and cats . Journal of Nutrition . 2006 ; 136 ( 7 Suppl ): 1940S – 1946S . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1093 / jn / 136.7.1940S .
15 PDSA . PAW : PDSA Animal Wellbeing Report 2021 . PDSA . 2021 . Available from : https :// www . pdsa . org . uk / what-we-do / pdsaanimal-wellbeing-report / paw-report-2021 [ Accessed 3 July 2021 ].
16 Chandler M , Cunningham S , Lund EM , Khanna C , Naramore R , Patel A , et al . Obesity and associated comorbidities in people and companion animals : a One Health perspective . Journal of Comparative Pathology . 2017 ; 156 ( 4 ): 296 – 309 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1016 / j . jcpa . 2017.03.006 .
17 Sanderson SL . The epidemic of canine obesity and its role in osteoarthritis . Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine . 2012 ; 67 ( 4 ): 195 – 202 . Available from : http :// www . ijvm . org . il / sites / default / files / obesity _ osteoarthritis . pdf [ Accessed 21 April 2023 ].
18 Pöppl AG , Carvalho GLCD , Vivian IF , Corbellini LG , and González FHD . Canine diabetes mellitus risk factors : a matched case-control study . Research in Veterinary Science . 2017 ; 114 : 469 – 473 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1016 / j . rvsc . 2017.08.003 .
19 Catchpole B , Ristic JM , Fleeman LM , Davidson LJ . Canine diabetes mellitus : can old dogs teach us new tricks ? Diabetologia . 2005 ; 48 ( 10 ): 1948 – 1956 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1007 / s00125-005- 1921-1 .
20 Hoenig M . Comparative aspects of human , canine , and feline obesity and factors predicting progression to diabetes . Veterinary Sciences . 2014 ; 1 ( 2 ): 121 – 135 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.3390 / vetsci1020121 .
21 Leong KS , Wilding JP . Obesity and diabetes . Baillière ' s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism . 1999 ; 13 ( 2 ): 221 – 237 . Available from : https :// doi . org / 10.1053 / beem . 1999.0017 .
Volume 38 ( 3 ) • June 2023
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