Another risk to cetaceans is the accumulation of toxins . This can be seen in orca pods off the west coast of the UK , which have not produced a calf in over 25 years , and have been found to be contaminated with extremely high levels of chemical pollutants called polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ). The pollutants have been associated with suppressed immune systems and reduced fertility . Although these compounds have not been used for over 30 years , they remain in the food chain ^{[ 44 ]} .

Other animals sometimes seen around UK coasts include the sunfish , which basks off southern shores during summer ^{[ 45 ]} , and the basking shark , which can be seen off the coasts of south-west England , Wales and west Scotland ^{[ 46 ]} . Leatherback turtles occasionally visit the UK and feed on the copious volumes of jellyfish in the sea ^{[ 47 ]} . They can suffer from entanglement injuries similar to those of seals , as well as accidental ingestion of plastics ^{[ 12 ]} .

Conclusion

It is generally accepted that veterinary medicine and veterinary nurse ( VN ) training may be inadequate for the triage , care and support of these animals ^{[ 48 , 49 ]} . However , VNs are encouraged to ask for help , carry out research and talk with their local veterinary and wildlife rehabilitation colleagues ^{[ 16 ]} to help improve standards across the board . Where a VN has a specific interest or the practice allows , having a VN ‘ champion ’ the care of wildlife ensures their level of care will always be met ^{[ 49 ]} .

Finally , when appropriate care and rehabilitation cannot be provided , or the animal is suffering due to the lack of expertise and equipment available , euthanasia may be the best option to alleviate any mental and physical suffering that may occur ^{[ 17 ]} .

REFERENCES

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